Effect of Feronia elephantum (Corr) Fruit Pulp Extract on Indomethacin-induced Gastric Ulcer in Albino Rats

Purpose: To investigate the activity of Feronia elephantum fruit pulp extract (which is used in folk medicine) against indomethacin-induced gastric ulcer in rats. Methods: The fruit pulp was extracted with ethanol and the anti-ulcer activity of the extract in indomethacin-induced gastric ulceration in Swiss albino rats was evaluated. The parameters assessed were pH and acid concentration of gastric contents, and gastric ulcer index. Ranitidine was used as the reference anti-ulcer drug. Acute toxicity studies were also carried out. Results: The extract (500 mg/kg, p.o.) inhibited indomethacin-induced gastric ulceration by decreasing acid concentration of gastric fluid while elevating its pH (p < 0.01), and compared well with the standard drug, ranitidine (p < 0.001). However, its anti-ulcer activity was not as potent as that of ranitidine. Acute toxicity studies showed thatthere was no mortality following the administration of the extract in a dose range of 250 - 5000 mg/kg, p.o. Conclusion: Feronia elephantum fruit pulp extract has potent antiulcer activity with low toxicity. Its anti-ulcer property probably acts via a reduction in gastric acid secretion. The results obtained support the use of this herbal material in folk medicine.Keywords: Anti-ulcer; Feronia elephantum (Corr.); Indomethacin; Ulcer; Gastric acidit

Radiological diagnosis of Cysticercosis of Breast - An unusual presentation

Breast cysticercosis manifestation is usually uncommon and only a few cases have been reported in the literature. Thismanifests in the form of signs and symptoms which normally do not point towards the diagnosis. The radiological modalitiesalways narrow down the gap between the complaints and the diagnosis. We present a case with cysticercus cysts in breastparenchyma as well as in both pectoral muscles which was suspected on ultrasonography (USG) and diagnosed on MagneticResonance Imaging (MRI). The patient responded to the medical treatment conservatively thus avoiding excisional biopsy.Follow up and repeat MRI has confirmed the cure of the complaints as well as the disease

Combined effects of anisotropy and tension-compression asymmetry on the torsional response of AZ31 Mg

In this paper it is demonstrated that only by accounting for the combined effects of anisotropy and tension-compression asymmetry at polycrystal level, it is possible to explain and accurately predict the room-temperature torsional response of a strongly textured AZ31 Mg material. This is shown by using two modeling frameworks, namely: a viscoplastic self-consistent (VPSC) polycrystal model, and a macroscopic plasticity model based on an yield criterion, developed by Cazacu et al. (2006), that accounts for both orthotropy and tension-compression asymmetry in plastic flow. It is shown that unlike Hill&apos;s (1948) criterion, the latter macroscopic criterion quantitatively predicts the experimental results, namely: that the sample with axial direction along the rolling direction contracts, while the sample with axial direction along the normal direction elongates. Moreover, it is demonstrated that these experimentally observed axial strain effects can be quantitatively predicted with the VPSC polycrystal model, only if both slip and twinning are considered operational at single crystal level. On the other hand, if it is assumed that the plastic deformation is fully accommodated by crystallographic slip, the axial strains predicted by VPSC are very close with that predicted with Hill (1948) criterion, which largely underestimates the measured axial strain in the rolling direction, and predicts zero axial strain in the normal direction. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.X111513Ysciescopu

BGREI Impact on Productivity & Income from Rice: Western Vs. Northern Odisha

The article provides a comparison of the impact of the BGREI on rice productivity and income in the western and northern portions of Odisha in 2016–17. After consulting with scientists of ICAR-NRRI, Cuttack, 2 districts Mayurbhanj and Bargarh were selected as the research location. Two blocks from each district, 4 villages from each block were taken into consideration purposively and 10 farmers were selected randomly. Two pre-tested questionnaires were administered separately to the randomly selected beneficiaries and non-beneficiaries to collect the required data. After analysis of the data, it was observed that there is an increase of 8.83 quintals/acre (61.92%) in the productivity of Kharif rice in western Odisha, whereas in northern Odisha it is 6.1 quintals/acre (60.10%). Likewise, in case of Income from Kharif rice, there is an increment of Rs.12980/acre in western Odisha, whereas in northern Odisha it is Rs.8967/acre. After a critical statistical study, it was also clarified that there is no such major difference in the impact of BGREI on the income of rice farmers and productivity of rice, based on the location (i.e. between western Odisha and northern Odisha). It can be said that there is no such biasness in the BGREI scheme implemented areas of Odisha

PSO-GWO Optimized Fractional Order PID Based Hybrid Shunt Active Power Filter for Power Quality Improvements

This paper presents a Hybrid Shunt Active Power Filter (HSAPF) optimized by hybrid Particle Swarm Optimization-Grey Wolf Optimization (PSO-GWO) and Fractional Order Proportional-Integral-Derivative Controller (FOPIDC) for reactive power and harmonic compensation under balance and unbalance loading conditions. Here, the parameters of FOPID controller are tuned by PSO-GWO technique to mitigate the harmonics. Comparing Passive with Active Filters, the former is tested to be bulky and design is complex and the later is not cost effective for high rating. Hence, a hybrid structure of shunt active and passive filter is designed using MATLAB/Simulink and in real time experimental set up. The compensation process for shunt active filter is different from predictable methods such as (p-q) or (id-i ) theory, in which only the source current is to be sensed. The performance of the proposed controller is tested under different operating conditions such as steady and transient states and indices like Total Harmonic Distortion (THD), Input Power Factor (IPF), Real Power (P) and Reactive Power (Q) are estimated and compared with that of other controllers. The parameters of FOPIDC and Conventional PID Controller (CPIDC) are optimized by the techniques such as PSO, GWO and hybrid PSO-GWO. The comparative simulation/experiment results reflect the better performance of PSO-GWO optimized FOPIDC based HSAPF with respect to PSO/GWO optimized FOPIDC/CPIDC based HSAPF under different operating conditions.

Importance of Conventional Radiography in Diagnosis and Management of Giant Cell Tumour at an unusual location

Giant cell tumour (GCT) or osteoclastoma of the bone is mostly benign but locally aggressive primary tumour of unknownorigin occurring at epiphysis. It is a tumour of long bones and rarely seen in bones of hand and foot. The cases are reported intarsal and carpal bone but involvement of metatarsal bone is very rare. We present a case of twenty years old female patientwith GCT of second metatarsal of left foot. The patient underwent aggressive curettage and filling with bone chips and is onregular follow up

Effect of arsenic-phosphorus interaction on arsenic-induced oxidative stress in chickpea plants

Arsenic-induced oxidative stress in chickpea was investigated under glasshouse conditions in response to application of arsenic and phosphorus. Three levels of arsenic (0, 30 and 60 mg kg−1) and four levels of P (50, 100, 200, and 400 mg kg−1) were applied to soil-grown plants. Increasing levels of both arsenic and P significantly increased arsenic concentrations in the plants. Shoot growth was reduced with increased arsenic supply regardless of applied P levels. Applied arsenic induced oxidative stress in the plants, and the concentrations of H2O2 and lipid peroxidation were increased. Activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and concentrations of non-enzymatic antioxidants decreased in these plants, but activities of catalase (CAT) and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) were significantly increased under arsenic phytotoxicity. Increased supply of P decreased activities of CAT and APX, and decreased concentrations of non-enzymatic antioxidants, but the high-P plants had lowered lipid peroxidation. It can be concluded that P increased uptake of arsenic from the soil, probably by making it more available, but although plant growth was inhibited by arsenic the P may have partially protected the membranes from arsenic-induced oxidative stress

Right and left ventricles: as inseparable as the twin brothers ‘Castor and Pollux’

NA (Editorial